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摘要:位于华北板块北缘的吉林通化地区光华岩群双庙岩组地层中存在一套斜长角闪岩,其是构成前寒武纪变质基底的主要变质岩之一。该斜长角闪岩的原岩主要为亚碱性玄武岩,可能形成于岛弧构造环境。该斜长角闪岩共经历了3个阶段变质作用,分别为进变质阶段、峰期变质阶段、退变质阶段。进变质阶段矿物组合为石榴石1+普通角闪石1 +斜长石1(An牌号为13~16)+石英(Gt1+Hbl1+Pl1+Q),温度和压力范围分别为544 ℃~555 ℃和4.7~52 kbar;峰期变质阶段矿物组合为石榴石2+普通角闪石2+ 斜长石2(An牌号为28~31)+钛铁矿2+黑云母2+石英(Gt2+Hbl2+Pl2+Ilm2+Bt2+Q),温度和压力范围分别为655 ℃~673 ℃和81~88 kbar;退变质阶段矿物组合为石榴石3+绿泥石+直闪石+普通角闪石3+黑云母3+钛铁矿3+斜长石3(Au牌号为16~18)+石英(Gt3+Chl+Ath+Hbl3+Bt3+Ilm3+Pl3+Q),温度和压力范围分别为546 ℃~557 ℃和7.9~8.3 kbar。斜长角闪岩的变质演化过程呈现为近等压冷却(IBC)型的逆时针变质作用压力(P)温度(T)轨迹。该地区经历了从太古宙—古元古代原大洋→碰撞造山→造山后拉伸→岩浆底侵作用的构造演化过程。
关键词:斜长角闪岩;变质作用;相平衡模拟;PT轨迹;光华岩群;岛弧玄武岩;华北克拉通;吉林
中图分类号:P588.3文献标志码:A
Abstract: There is a set of amphibolite from Shuangmiao Formation of Guanghua Group in Tonghua area of Jilin, which is located in the northern margin of North China Craton. The amphibolite is one of the major metamorphic rocks consisting of Precambrian metamorphic basement. The original rock of amphibolite mainly belongs to subalkaline basalt, which maybe form in the islandarc setting. The amphibolites undergo three stages of metamorphism, including prograde, peak and retrograde stages. Mineral assemblage at prograde stage is Gt1+Hbl1 +Pl1(the value of An is 1316)+Q, and the pressure and temperature are 4.75.2 kbar and 544 ℃555 ℃; mineral assemblage at peak stage is Gt2+Hbl2+Pl2(the value of An is 2831) +Ilm2+Bt2+Q, and the pressure and temperature are 8.18.8 kbar and 655 ℃673 ℃; mineral assemblage at retrograde stage is Gt3+Chl+Ath+Hbl3+Bt3+Ilm3+Pl3(the value of An is 1618)+Q, and the pressure and temperature are 7.98.3 kbar and 546 ℃557 ℃. The metamorphic evolution process of amphibolite shows the counterclockwise PT path, which is characterized by nearisobar cooling (IBC) processes. It is suggested that there is a tectonic evolution from ArcheanPaleoproterozoic protoocean to collision of orogeny, and then orogenic taper, and the last magmatic undergrowth in Tonghua area of Jilin, China.
Key words: amphibolite; metamorphism; phase equilibrium modeling; PT path; Guanghua Group; island arc basalt; North China Craton; Jilin
0引言
華北克拉通是全球现存最古老的克拉通之一,拥有3.8 Ga的古老地体[13]。因为其形成时间早、演化历史长且复杂,并含有丰富的矿产资源,所以备受关注。近年来,前人对其开展了大量构造地质学、变质地质学、地球化学、同位素年代学和地球物理学等方面的研究工作[48]。Zhao等按照变质作用演化历史的不同,将整个华北克拉通基底划分为3个部分,即东部陆块、西部陆块、两个陆块之间的华北中部构造(造山)带[46]。路孝平等对东部陆块做了进一步研究,初步划分出龙岗—鲁西—五淮陆块、胶辽吉带以及狼林陆块,并提出东部陆块是由龙岗—鲁西—五淮陆块与狼林陆块碰撞拼接形成的,随后东部陆块与西部陆块碰撞形成华北克拉通[910]。
吉林通化地区位于华北板块北缘东段,北邻龙岗古陆南缘,南部为辽吉古元古代造山带。该区古元古代—中元古代地层是一套具有多期变质变形、成因复杂的变质地层,多年来备受关注,并且有多种划分方案;该区主要古元古代—中元古代地层自下而上为光华岩群、集安岩群以及老岭岩群,集安岩群与老岭岩群较早,而光华岩群建立时间较短,并且经过了不断的重新划分及厘定[1113];该区基本共识为两个岩组,即双庙岩组及同心岩组[11]。
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